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1.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 121(3): e20230487, Mar.2024. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, SES-SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1538030

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: A adesão à uma alimentação adequada em macronutrientes é fundamental para a prevenção secundária de doenças cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de adesão às recomendações de consumo de ácidos graxos para prevenção e tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares, e estimar se a presença de determinados fatores de risco cardiovascular estaria associada à adesão. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com os dados de linha de base de 2358 participantes do estudo "Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program Trial". Dados de consumo alimentar, e fatores de risco cardiovascular foram avaliados. Foi considerada, de acordo com a Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, uma ingestão adequada de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (AGPI) ≥10% do consumo total de energia diária, para ácidos graxos monoinsaturados (AGM), 20% e para ácidos graxos saturados (AGS), <7%. Na análise estatística foi considerando nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Nenhum participante aderiu a todas as recomendações de forma simultânea e mais da metade (1482 [62,9%]) não aderiu a nenhuma recomendação. A adesão exclusivamente à recomendação de AGS foi a mais prevalente, sendo cumprida por 659 (28%) dos participantes, seguida da adesão exclusivamente à recomendação de AGP (178 [7,6%]) e de AGM (5 [0,2%]). Não houve associação entre o número de comorbidades e a adesão às recomendações nutricionais (p =0,269). Os participantes da região Nordeste do país apresentaram maior proporção de adesão às recomendações para consumo de AGS (38,42%), e menor para ingestão de AGPI (3,52%) (p <0,001) em comparação às demais. CONCLUSÕES: Na amostra avaliada, evidenciou-se baixa adesão às recomendações nutricionais para consumo de ácidos graxos.

2.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 30: e65524, jan. -dez. 2022.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1392817

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar os níveis de resiliência de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca e sua associação com a qualidade de vida e sintomas depressivos. Método: estudo transversal envolvendo 102 pacientes. O período da coleta foi de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: o Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire, o World Health Organization Quality of Life - WHOQOL-Bref, o instrumento Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale na subescala depressão e a Escala de Resiliência de Wagnild e Young. Para avaliar correlação dos escores das escalas foram utilizados os testes coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson ou Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman. Resultados: ao associar a escala de resiliência com qualidade de vida e sintomas depressivos, apenas o HADS-D foi significante com a escala de resiliência. Conclusão: nesse estudo observou-se que os indivíduos mais resilientes não possuíam sintomas depressivos.


Objective: to determine levels of resilience among heart failure patients and its association with quality of life and depressive symptoms. Method: in this cross-sectional study involving 102 patients, data were collected from January to December 2019, by administering the following instruments: the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref) questionnaire, the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D), and the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale. Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Spearman's Correlation Coefficient tests were used to assess correlation among scale scores. Results: when associating the resilience scale with quality of life and depressive symptoms, the only significant association found was between the resilience scale and the HADS-D. Conclusion: in this study, the most resilient individuals were found not to have depressive symptoms.


Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre el riesgo de violencia y la calidad de vida de ancianos en el ambiente hospitalario. Método: estudio cuantitativo, transversal, multicéntrico, desarrollado junto a 323 pacientes atendidos en dos hospitales universitarios de Paraíba. Se utilizaron instrumentos de caracterización sociodemográfica, riesgo de violencia y calidad de vida. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial, utilizando la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson, correlación de Spearman y regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: el riesgo de violencia fue prevalente en ancianas con baja calidad de vida. Los ancianos con baja calidad de vida fueron 5,24 (IC = 3,04 - 9,05; p < 0,001) más propensos a estar en riesgo de violencia. Conclusión: se identificó una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la calidad de vida y el riesgo de violencia entre los ancianos.

3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 119(1): 143-211, abr. 2022. graf, ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, SES-SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1381764
5.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 34(4): 420-430, July-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286833

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The implementation of intensive therapy protocols increases the probability of adverse events in patients with breast cancer (BC). Components of metabolic syndrome (MS) are among these events. Objective To verify the prevalence of MS and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in female BC survivors. Materials and Methods This is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study. Our sample comprised 60 women without BC (G1) and 60 women who had survived BC (G2). We collected sociodemographic, anthropometric, tumor, and clinical data. After variable analysis, the participants received positive or negative MS diagnoses and a 10-year CVD risk stratification. The significance level adopted for the analyses was 5% ( p < 0.05) and the confidence interval (CI) was 95%. For comparing categorical data, we used the chi-squared, Fisher's exact, or G tests; for comparing continuous data, we used the parametric Student's t-test and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. Results Both groups presented overweight and an increased waist-to-hip ratio. Weight, body mass index, abdominal circumference, hip circumference, and low-density cholesterol were variables that presented statistically significant differences between groups. MS was diagnosed in 32% of women in G1 and 45% of those in G2. Regarding the 10-year risk for CVD, most women were in the low-risk stratum: the mean total risk of CVD occurrences was 7.48% in G1 and 7.70% in G2. Conclusion We observed a higher prevalence of MS among women who survived BC, possibly due to overweight, as well as a low 10-year risk for CVD after cancer treatment. Although we did not observe a statistically significant difference, we suggest the adoption of a healthy lifestyle and rigorous control of cardiometabolic risk factors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/complications , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Cardiometabolic Risk Factors , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Healthy Lifestyle , Heart Diseases/epidemiology
8.
Clinics ; 76: e1991, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153946

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This observational, cross-sectional study based aimed to test whether heart failure (HF)-disease management program (DMP) components are influencing care and clinical decision-making in Brazil. METHODS: The survey respondents were cardiologists recommended by experts in the field and invited to participate in the survey via printed form or email. The survey consisted of 29 questions addressing site demographics, public versus private infrastructure, HF baseline data of patients, clinical management of HF, performance indicators, and perceptions about HF treatment. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 98 centers (58% public and 42% private practice) distributed across Brazil. Public HF-DMPs compared to private HF-DMP were associated with a higher percentage of HF-DMP-dedicated services (79% vs 24%; OR: 12, 95% CI: 94-34), multidisciplinary HF (MHF)-DMP [84% vs 65%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-8), HF educational programs (49% vs 18%; OR: 4; 95% CI: 1-2), written instructions before hospital discharge (83% vs 76%; OR: 1; 95% CI: 0-5), rehabilitation (69% vs 39%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), monitoring (44% vs 29%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-5), guideline-directed medical therapy-HF use (94% vs 85%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15), and less B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) dosage (73% vs 88%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-9), and key performance indicators (37% vs 60%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 1-7). In comparison to non- MHF-DMP, MHF-DMP was associated with more educational initiatives (42% vs 6%; OR: 12; 95% CI: 1-97), written instructions (83% vs 68%; OR: 2: 95% CI: 1-7), rehabilitation (69% vs 17%; OR: 11; 95% CI: 3-44), monitoring (47% vs 6%; OR: 14; 95% CI: 2-115), GDMT-HF (92% vs 83%; OR: 3; 95% CI: 0-15). In addition, there were less use of BNP as a biomarker (70% vs 84%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 1-8) and key performance indicators (35% vs 51%; OR: 2; 95% CI: 91,6) in the non-MHF group. Physicians considered changing or introducing new medications mostly when patients were hospitalized or when observing worsening disease and/or symptoms. Adherence to drug treatment and non-drug treatment factors were the greatest medical problems associated with HF treatment. CONCLUSION: HF-DMPs are highly heterogeneous. New strategies for HF care should consider the present study highlights and clinical decision-making processes to improve HF patient care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Disease Management , Heart Failure/therapy , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
10.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 114(6): 1051-1057, Jun., 2020. graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1131239

ABSTRACT

Resumo A infecção pelo coronavírus denominada COVID-19 promoveu crescente interesse de cardiologistas, emergencistas, intensivistas e pesquisadores, pelo estudo do acometimento miocárdico partindo de diferentes formas clínicas decorrentes de desmodulação imunoinflamatória e neuro-humoral.O acometimento miocárdico pode ser mínimo e apenas identificado a partir de alterações eletrocardiográficas, principalmente por aumento de troponinas cardíacas, ou no outro lado do espectro pelas formas de miocardite fulminante e síndrome de takotsubo.A descrição de provável miocardite aguda tem sido comumente apoiada pela observação da troponina elevada em associação com disfunção. A clássica definição de miocardite, respaldada pela biópsia endomiocárdica de infiltrado inflamatório é rara, e foi observada em um único relato de caso até o momento, não se identificando o vírus no interior dos cardiomiócitos.Assim, o fenômeno que se tem documentado é de injúria miocárdica aguda, sendo obrigatório afastar doença coronária obstrutiva a partir da elevação de marcadores de necrose miocárdica, associada ou não à disfunção ventricular, provavelmente associada à tempestade de citoquinas e outros fatores que podem sinergicamente promover lesão miocárdica, tais como hiperativação simpática, hipoxemia, hipotensão arterial e fenômenos trombóticos microvasculares.Fenômenos inflamatórios sistêmicos e miocárdicos após infecção viral estão bem documentados, podendo evoluir para remodelamento cardíaco e disfunção miocárdica. Portanto, será importante a cardiovigilância desses indivíduos para monitorar o desenvolvimento do fenótipo de miocardiopatia dilatada.A presente revisão apresenta os principais achados etiofisiopatológicos, descrição da taxonomia desses tipos de acometimento cardíaco e sua correlação com as principais formas clínicas do componente miocárdico presente nos pacientes na fase aguda de COVID-19.


Abstract Infection with the coronavirus known as COVID-19 has promoted growing interest on the part of cardiologists, emergency care specialists, intensive care specialists, and researchers, due to the study of myocardial involvement based on different clinical forms resulting from immunoinflammatory and neurohumoral demodulation.Myocardial involvement may be minimal and identifiable only by electrocardiographic changes, mainly increased cardiac troponins, or, on the other side of the spectrum, by forms of fulminant myocarditis and takotsubo syndrome.The description of probable acute myocarditis has been widely supported by the observation of increased troponin in association with dysfunction. Classical definition of myocarditis, supported by endomyocardial biopsy of inflammatory infiltrate, is rare; it has been observed in only one case report to date, and the virus has not been identified inside cardiomyocytes.Thus, the phenomenon that has been documented is acute myocardial injury, making it necessary to rule our obstructive coronary disease based on increased markers of myocardial necrosis, whether or not they are associated with ventricular dysfunction, likely associated with cytokine storms and other factors that may synergistically promote myocardial injury, such as sympathetic hyperactivation, hypoxemia, arterial hypotension, and microvascular thrombotic phenomena.Systemic inflammatory and myocardial phenomena following viral infection have been well documented, and they may progress to cardiac remodeling and myocardial dysfunction. Cardiac monitoring of these patients is, therefore, important in order to monitor the development of the phenotype of dilated myocardiopathy.This review presents the main etiological and physiopathological findings, a description of the taxonomy of these types of cardiac involvement, and their correlation with the main clinical forms of the myocardial component present in patients in the acute phase of COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral , Coronavirus Infections , Coronavirus , Pandemics , Myocarditis , Myocardium , Betacoronavirus , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19
11.
Rev. salud pública ; 21(3): e470678, mayo-jun. 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1115862

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar aspectos socioeconómicos, demográficos, de saúde e clínicos de homens com câncer de próstata no Maranhão. Metodologia Estudo prospectivo, descritivo de base primária. Resultados: Do total de 226 homens com câncer de próstata,44,2% tinham entre 71-80 anos, 82,3% autoreferiram a raça parda, 62,8% não eram aposentados, 90,3% tinham renda mensal de até dois salários mínimos, 63,7% tinham menos de oito anos de estudo, 80,5% eram casados, 61,9% eram do interior do estado, 76,1% não praticavam atividade física, 53,1% procuravam assistência em saúde apenas quando apresentavam algum problema, 51,3% realizaram a cirurgia de retirada de próstata. Conclusão Ferramentas e estratégias devem ser desenvolvidas voltadas para o público masculino, focadas na promoção e prevenção do câncer de próstata, observando características inerentes dos homens por região possibilitando um diagnóstico precoce e consequente possibilidade de cura.(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective To characterize socioeconomic, demographic, health and clinical aspects of men with prostate cancer in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. Methodology Prospective, descriptive primary study. Results Of 226 men with prostate cancer, 44.2% were aged 71-80 years, 82.3% self-reported as mestizo, and 62.8% were not retired. Moreover, 90.3% had a monthly income of up to two minimum wages, 63.7% had less than eight years of schooling, 80.5% were married, 61.9% were from the interior of the state, and 76.1% did not practice physical activity. Regarding their health, 53.1% sought health care only when they presented a problem and 51.3% underwent prostatectomy. Conclusion Tools and strategies developed for the male public should focus on the promotion and prevention of prostate cancer, taking into account the inherent characteristics of men by region, thus enabling early diagnosis and consequent possibility of cure.(AU)


RESUMEN Objetivo Caracterizar aspectos socioeconómicos, demográficos, de salud y clínicos de hombres con cáncer de próstata en el estado de Maranhão, Brasil. Metodología Estudio prospectivo, descriptivo de fuente primaria. Resultados Del total de 226 hombres con cáncer de próstata, 44,2% tenían entre 71-80 años, 82,3% se auto-describían como mestizos, 62,8% no eran jubilados, el 90,3% tenían ingresos mensuales de hasta dos salarios mínimos, el 63,7% tenían menos de ocho años de estudio, el 80,5% estaban casados, el 61,9% eran del interior del estado, el 76,1% no practicaba actividad física, el 53,1% buscaban asistencia en salud solo cuando se presentaba algún problema, y el 51,3% se realizó prostatectomía. Conclusión Las herramientas y estrategias desarrolladas y dirigidas al público masculino deben enfocarse en la promoción y prevención del cáncer de próstata, teniendo en cuenta las características inherentes de los hombres por región, posibilitando así el tratamiento oportuno de la enfermedad y aumentando la posibilidad de curación.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Health Profile , Men's Health , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies
12.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 31(3): 201-208, jul.-ago. 2018. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-908827

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: Síndrome metabólica é um importante fator de risco cardiovascular, e sua prevalência aumenta após a menopausa. Ainda é incerto, porém, se a menopausa é fator de risco independente para a síndrome metabólica. Uma das bases fisiopatológicas para síndrome metabólica é a resistência insulínica, que pode ser calculada pelo método Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resitance (HOMA-IR), sendo pouco conhecida a relação entre resistência insulínica e menopausa. Objetivos: Avaliar a relação entre síndrome metabólica e resistência insulínica em mulheres climatéricas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, que avaliou 150 mulheres, com idades entre 40 e 65 anos, atendidas em um ambulatório de ginecologia em um hospital terciário público, entre maio e dezembro de 2013. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos, sendo o Grupo I com pacientes na pré-menopausa e o II com pacientes na pós-menopausa. Foi avaliada a presença de síndrome metabólica, bem como de seus componentes, além da ocorrência de resistência insulínica nos dois grupos. A associação do estado menopausal e as variáveis estudadas foi realizada com os testes Mann-Whitney, qui quadrado e exato de Fisher. O nível de significância foi de 5%. A análise estatística foi feita por meio do STATA 12.0. Resultados: A síndrome metabólica foi mais prevalente nas mulheres pós-menopausa, bem como todos seus componentes tiveram maior frequência também nesse grupo. As mulheres pós-menopausa também apresentaram maior prevalência de resistência insulínica, mas não foi observada relação estatística entre os achados. Conclusão: O estado menopausal não se associou significativamente com síndrome metabólica e resistência insulínica. A resistência insulínica foi considerada fator de risco independente para o desenvolvimento de síndrome metabólica apenas no grupo pós-menopausa


Background: Metabolic syndrome is an important cardiovascular risk factor, and its prevalence increases after menopause. However, it is still uncertain whether menopause is an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome. One of the pathophysiological basis for metabolic syndrome is insulin resistance, which can be calculated by the Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) method, and the association between insulin resistance and menopause is little known. Objective: To evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in menopausal women. Method: Descriptive study, which evaluated 150 women, aged 40 to 65, treated at a Gynecology Outpatient Clinic of a tertiary public hospital, from May to December of 2013. The sample was divided into two groups: Group I, comprising women in the premenopausal period and Group II, comprising women in the post-menopausal period. The presence of metabolic syndrome and its components were evaluated, as well as occurrence of insulin resistance in both groups. The association of menopausal status and the assessed variables was assessed using the Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. The significance level was set at 5%. The statistical analysis was performed using STATA 12.0. Results: Metabolic syndrome and its components were more prevalent in postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women also had a higher prevalence of insulin resistance, but no statistical association was observed between the findings. Conclusion: The menopausal status was not significantly associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance was considered an independent risk factor for the development of metabolic syndrome only in the postmenopausal group


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Climacteric , Insulin Resistance , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Metabolic Syndrome/physiopathology , Triglycerides , Menopause , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prevalence , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Risk Factors , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Obesity, Abdominal , Arterial Pressure , Hypertension/complications , Cholesterol, HDL
13.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 31(1): f:4-l:11, jan.-mar. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-883570

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: O aumento da incidência de doenças cardiovasculares em mulheres ocorre durante o período do climatério, especialmente após a menopausa. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar fatores de risco cardiovasculares entre as mulheres climatéricas com e sem doença arterial coronariana (DAC). Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado no Serviço de Hemodinâmica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão, no período de março de 2012 a julho de 2013. Foram incluídas 31 mulheres climatéricas que compareceram ao setor para realização do cateterismo cardíaco, separadas em grupos após resultados do cateterismo, Grupo I (com DAC) e Grupo II (sem DAC). Análise estatística: as variáveis categóricas foram descritas por meio de frequências e porcentagem, as numéricas por meio de média ± desvio padrão ou mediana (Quartil.3 ­ Quartil.1); o teste Shapiro-Wilk para verificar a normalidade dos dados quantitativos, o teste Exato de Fisher para comparações de dados categóricos; para dados contínuos o Test-T para amostras não pareadas ou o Mann-Whitney; foi considerado estatisticamente significativo o valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: Avaliaram-se grupos com DAC (n = 13) e sem DAC (n = 18), os resultados apontaram média de idade entre os grupos de 57,92 ± 5,15 e 51,72 ± 4,63 anos, respectivamente; dentre os fatores de risco cardiovasculares, os mais prevalentes entre as mulheres com DAC foram: a menopausa (84,62%), a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) (69,23%) e o sedentarismo (69,23). Conclusão: Concluiu-se que, além da menopausa propriamente dita, a HAS e o sedentarismo foram os fatores de risco cardiovasculares mais prevalentes entre as mulheres com DAC


Background: The increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in women occurs during the climacteric period, especially after menopause. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors among climacteric women with and without coronary artery disease (CAD). Method: This cross-sectional study was performed in the Catheterization Laboratory at the Federal University Hospital of Maranhão, in the Northeast region of Brazil, between March 2012 and July 2013. We included 31 climacteric women who went to the care center for cardiac catheterization. They were divided into groups after catheterization results: Group I (with DAC) and Group II (without CAD). Statistical analysis: Categorical variables were described by means of frequencies and percentages, numerical variables by mean ± standard deviation or median (Quartile.3 - Quartile.1); the Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify the normality of quantitative data. Fisher's exact test was used for categorical data comparisons. For continuous data, we used Student's test or the Mann-Whitney for unpaired samples; statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: We evaluated groups with CAD (n = 13) and without CAD (n = 18). The results showed a mean age between the groups of 57.92 ± 5.15 and 51.72 ± 4.63 years, respectively. Among the cardiovascular risk factors, the most prevalent among women with CAD were menopause (84.62%), systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) (69.23%) and sedentary life style (69.23%). Conclusion: We concluded that, in addition to menopause itself, SAH and sedentary lifestyle were the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors among women with CAD


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases , Climacteric , Coronary Artery Disease , Risk Factors , Women , Age Factors , Body Mass Index , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Diabetes Mellitus , Diagnostic Imaging , Hypertension/complications , Obesity , Sedentary Behavior , Data Interpretation, Statistical
14.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 30(3): f:227-l:234, mai.-jun. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-836682

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: O endotélio desempenha importante função reguladora vascular. Sua disfunção é um marcador precoce de risco cardiovascular. Entretanto, existem poucos estudos em nosso meio que avaliem a função endotelial em mulheres climatéricas. Objetivo: Avaliar a função endotelial em mulheres climatéricas na presença ou ausência de doença arterial coronariana utilizando-se um método biofísico (espessura médio-intimal das carótidas) e um método bioquímico (níveis séricos de PCR-US). Métodos: Estudo transversal que avaliou o espessamento médio-intimal da artéria carótida e níveis séricos de PCR-US de 31 mulheres climatéricas submetidas a cineangiocoronariografia, no Serviço de Hemodinâmica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão, no período de março de 2012 a julho de 2013. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Considerou-se um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados:A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos, de acordo com presença de doença arterial coronariana (DAC): grupo com DAC (n = 13) e grupo sem DAC (n = 18). As médias de idades para os grupos foram 57,92 ± 5,17 e 51,72 ± 4,63 anos, respectivamente (p = 0,001). A EMI esteve alterada em 29,03% na população geral. A espessura médio- intimal foi de 1,55 ± 0,78 mm no grupo geral, 1,92 ± 0,94 mm no grupo com DAC e 1,18 ± 0,71 mm no grupo sem DAC (p = 0,001). As pacientes com DAC apresentaram predomínio de alteração da EMI quando comparadas aquelas sem DAC: 36,46% vs. 22,22%, respectivamente. Observou-se uma sensibilidade de 38%, especificidade de 77%, com um valor preditivo positivo de 0,55 e valor preditivo negativo de 0,63 com razão de verossimilhança para teste positivo (likelihood ratio) de 1,73. As pacientes com EMI alterado apresentaram níveis mais elevados de PCR-US, porém sem significância estatística. As pacientes com DAC apresentaram níveis mais elevados de PCR-US, porém sem significância estatística. Conclusão: Na população estudada, a avaliação da função endotelial pelo método da EMI apresentou maior sensibilidade e especificidade para o diagnóstico de DAC quando comparada a mensuração dos níveis de PCR-US em mulheres climatéricas


Background: The endothelium plays an important vascular regulatory function. Its dysfunction is an early marker of cardiovascular risk. However, there are few studies in our community that assess endothelial function in pre-menopausal women. Objective: To assess endothelial function in pre-menopausal women in the presence or absence of coronary artery disease, using a biophysical method (carotid intima media thickness) and a biochemical method (serum levels of hsCRP). Methods: Cross-sectional study that evaluated carotid intima-media thickness and serum levels of hsCRP of 31 pre-menopausal women undergoing coronary angiography at the Hemodynamics Service of Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão from March 2012 to July 2013. The data were sent to statistical analysis and a statistical significance level of 5% was considered. Results: The sample was divided into two groups according to the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD): CAD group (n = 13) and group without CAD (n = 18). The average ages for the groups were 57.92 ± 5.17 and 51.72 ± 4.63 years, respectively (p = 0.001). CIMT was abnormal in 29.03% in the general population. Carotid intima-media thickness was 1.55 ± 0.78 mm in the general group, 1.92 ± 0.94 mm in the CAD group and 1.18 ± 0.71 mm in the group without CAD (p = 0.001). CAD patients had predominance of abnormal CMIT compared those without CAD: 36.46% vs. 22.22%, respectively. There was a sensitivity of 38%, specificity of 77% with a positive predictive value of 0.55 and a negative predictive value of 0.63 with likelihood ratio of 1.73. Patients with abnormal CIMT presented higher levels of hsCRP, but without statistical significance. CAD patients had higher levels of hsCRP, but without statistical significance. Conclusion: In the population studied, assessment of endothelial function using the CIMT method showed higher sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of CAD compared to the measurement of hsCRP levels in menopausal women


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Climacteric , Coronary Artery Disease/mortality , Coronary Artery Disease/physiopathology , Endothelium/physiopathology , Women , Age Factors , Atherosclerosis/mortality , Atherosclerosis/physiopathology , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Carotid Arteries , Cineangiography/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Data Interpretation, Statistical
15.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 30(6): 610-614, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-774543

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Numerous studies have shown that women undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery present higher mortality rate during hospitalization, and often complications when compared to men. OBJECTIVE: To compare the mortality of men and women undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery and identify factors related to differences occasionally found. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study conducted with 215 consecutive patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery. RESULTS: Women had a higher average age. Low body surface and dyslipidemia were more prevalent in women (1.65 vs . 1.85, P<0.001: 53% vs . 30%, P =0.001), whereas history of smoking and previous myocardial infarction were more prevalent in men (35% vs .14.7%, P =0.001; 20% vs . 2.7%, P =0.007). Regarding complications in the postoperative period, there was a higher rate of blood transfusions in women. The overall mortality rate was 5.6%, however there was no statistically significant difference in mortality between men and women. It was observed that among the patients who died, the average body surface area was lower than that of patients who did not have this complication. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in mortality between the sexes after coronary artery bypass graft in this service.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Bypass/mortality , Postoperative Complications , Sex Factors , Blood Transfusion , Dyslipidemias/blood , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies
16.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 30(6): 626-630, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-774544

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The elderly population is growing rapidly. Political and socio-economic changes led to the demographic transition in this population with the highest number of surgeries and as well as many comorbidities. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of cardiovascular intervention on quality of life of elderly patients after three and six months. METHODS: Analytical prospective cohort study with elderly between 60 and 80 years of age, of both sexes, with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease and underwent cardiovascular intervention during the period June 2010 to June 2011. Data were collected by individual interviews in the pre and postoperative periods (after three and six months) by telephone. We used the SF-36 to analyse quality of life in order to assess the physical and mental health of the study population. RESULTS: Of the 44 individuals evaluated, 59.1% were men, 75% in the range of 65 to 74 years, 38.6% were white and 38.6% were black, 31.8% were uneducated, 43.2% were married and 68.2% had less than a minimum wage. Prevailed patients: non-diabetics (68.2%), non-obese (81.8%), hypertensive (84.1%), non-alcoholic and non-smokers (68.2% and 61.4%, respectively). A significant increase in the average of the SF-36 scores between pre and post-surgical periods (three and six months) for the domains: functional capacity, pain, general health, vitality and emotional aspect. CONCLUSION: The elderly population undergoing intervention may have cardiovascular benefits and improvements of quality of life. Physical fitness improvement measures can be taken to resume that capability.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/psychology , Coronary Artery Bypass/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Health Status , Mental Health , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment Outcome
17.
Rev. bras. cardiol. (Impr.) ; 27(2): 120-127, mar.-abr.2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-719584

ABSTRACT

A avaliação da função endotelial permite identificar alterações no endotélio e pode ser avaliada por métodos bioquímicos e biofísicos. Dentre estes, destaca-se a dilatação fluxo-mediada da artéria braquial (DILA) por ser uma técnica ultrassonográfica segura e não invasiva, marcador precoce de doenças cardiovasculares, pois reflete a saúde do endotélio ainda numa fase inicial, ou seja, antes do aparecimento da placa de ateroma. Esta revisão descreve os estudos realizados no Brasil que investigaram a avaliação da função endotelial. A busca dos dados foi realizada em bases da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BIREME) e SciELO. Foram incluídos estudos feitos no Brasil e publicados até agosto 2012, com avaliação da função endotelial por meio da DILA. Dos 16 artigos encontrados, 7 estudos incluíram apenas indivíduos com risco cardiovascular; 8 incluíram indivíduos com e sem risco cardiovascular e somente 1 incluiu indivíduos sem risco cardiovascular. Todos os estudos que avaliaram a função endotelial em indivíduos considerados com risco para doenças cardiovasculares encontraram valores do DILA <10 %. Os estudos sugerem que esse método é confiável na avaliação da função endotelial em indivíduos com ou sem fatores de risco cardiovascular.


Endothelial function assessments help identify alterations to the endothelium and can be evaluated by biochemical and biophysical methods. These include flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery by ultrasonography, a technique that is a safe and non-invasive marker of early cardiovascular disease, indicating the health of the endothelium at an early stage, before the onset of atheroma. This review describes studies conducted in Brazil investigating endothelial function assessments. A search was performed through the databases of the Virtual Health Library (BIREME) and SciELO. Papers on projects conducted in Brazil and published by August 2012 were included in this study, assessing endothelial functions by FMD. Of the sixteen papers found, seven studies included only patients at cardiovascular risk; eight included patients with and without cardiovascular risk and only one included subjects without cardiovascular risk. All the studies evaluating endothelial functions in patients rated as at-risk for cardiovascular disease found FMD values below 10%. These findings suggest that this method is trustworthy for assessing endothelial functions in patients with or without cardiovascular risk factors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Brachial Artery , Atherosclerosis/prevention & control , Databases, Bibliographic/trends , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases , Endothelium/physiology , Risk Factors , Biomarkers/chemistry
18.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 28(4): 491-497, out.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703117

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Depression during or shortly after hospitalization elevated two to three times the risk of mortality or nonfatal cardiac events, significantly increasing the morbidity and mortality of these patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of revascularization on symptoms of depression in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 57 patients of both sexes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between June 2010 and June 2011. We used the SF-36 to assess quality of life, and the Beck Depression Inventory to detect depressive symptoms, applied preoperatively and six months. RESULTS: The prevalence of patients aged 60-69 years was 22 patients (38.60%), 39 men (68.42%), 26 described themselves as mixed race (45.61%), 16 literate (28.07 %) and 30 married (52.63%). The beck depression inventory score demonstrated increased after revascularization: 15 patients mild (26.32%) at time zero to 17 (29.82%) after. And with moderate, seven patients (12.28%) before and 10 (17.54%) after. In the categories of individuals with decreased minimum degree of 32 (56.14%) to 28 (49.12%), and severe of three (5.26%) for two (3.51%) patients. Association was observed between beck depression inventory, gender, age, lifestyle, comorbidities and quality of life. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of elevated beck depression inventory scores, lowest scores of depressive symptoms among men and association between the improvement of quality of life scores and beck depression inventory.


INTRODUÇÃO: A depressão durante ou logo após a hospitalização, eleva duas a três vezes o risco de mortalidade ou eventos cardíacos não-fatais, aumentando sensivelmente a morbimortalidade desses pacientes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da revascularização do miocárdio nos sintomas de depressão de pacientes portadores de doença arterial coronariana. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte prospectivo de 57 pacientes de ambos os sexos, submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio, entre junho de 2010 e junho de 2011. Foram utilizados os questionários SF-36 para avaliar a qualidade de vida, e o Inventário de Depressão Beck para detectar sintomas depressivos, aplicados no pré-operatório e após seis meses. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de pacientes na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos foi de 22 (38,60%) pacientes, 39 (68,42%) homens, 26(45,61%) autodeclarados pardos, 16 (28,07%) alfabetizados e 30 (52,63%) casados. O escore Inventário de Depressão Beck demonstrou aumento após a revascularização de 15 (26,32%) pacientes em grau leve no momento zero para 17 (29,82%) após. E com grau moderado, sete (12,28%) pacientes antes e 10 (17,54%) após. Nas categorias de indivíduos com grau mínimo houve redução de 32 (56,14%) para 28 (49,12%) e grave de três (5,26%) para dois (3,51%) pacientes. Observou-se associação entre Inventário de Depressão Beck, sexo, idade, estilo de vida, comorbidades e a qualidade vida. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se elevada prevalência de escores elevados de inventário de depressão Beck, piores escores de sintomas depressivos entre homens e associação entre a melhoria dos escores de qualidade de vida e o Inventário de Depressão Beck.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Bypass/psychology , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Age Factors , Coronary Artery Bypass/mortality , Hospitalization , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surveys and Questionnaires
19.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 35(9): 413-420, set. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-690693

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar e comparar variáveis clínicas, antropométricas e bioquímico-metabólicas de pacientes com síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP), estratificadas segundo o índice de massa corpórea (IMC). MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 78 mulheres entre 18 e 45 anos com diagnóstico de SOP, pelos Critérios de Rotterdam. As pacientes foram estratificadas segundo o IMC. As variáveis analisadas foram: idade, estado civil, sedentarismo, irregularidade menstrual, pressão arterial (PA), medidas antropométricas, perfil lipídico, glicemia em jejum e dosagens hormonais. Para comparar as variáveis analisadas entre os diferentes IMC, usou-se a Análise de Variância e o Teste de Kruskal-Wallis. O nível de significância para todos os testes foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: As pacientes apresentaram média de idade de 26,3 anos, sendo 79,5% classificadas como sedentárias e 68% com hiperandrogenismo. A circunferência da cintura, a Razão cintura/quadril, a Razão cintura/estatura e a porcentagem de gordura corporal foram maiores no grupo de obesas. A presença de marcadores de risco cardiovascular (RCV - glicemia de jejum, PA sistólica e diastólica e LDL-colesterol) foi diretamente proporcional ao IMC, enquanto que os níveis de HDL-colesterol e SHBG foram inversamente proporcionais ao IMC. CONCLUSÃO: A presença de marcadores de RCV aumentou proporcionalmente ao IMC, evidenciando que o perfil metabólico das mulheres obesas com SOP é mais desfavorável do que n não obesas.


PURPOSE: To characterize and compare clinical, anthropometric and biochemical-metabolic variables in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), stratified according to body mass index (BMI). METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted on 78 women aged 18 to 45 years with a clinical diagnosis of PCOS by the Rotterdam criteria. Patients were stratified according to BMI. The variables analyzed were: age, marital status, physical inactivity, menstrual irregularity, blood pressure (BP), anthropometric measurements, lipid profile, fasting glucose, and hormone measurements. To compare the variables between the different BMI values we used analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The level of significance was set at 5% for all tests. RESULTS: The patients had a mean age of 26.3 years, 79.5% of them were sedentary and 68% had hyperandrogenism. Waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, waist/height ratio and percentage of body fat were higher in the obese group. The markers of cardiovascular risk (CVR - fasting glucose, systolic and diastolic BP and LDL-cholesterol) were directly proportional to BMI, whereas HDL-cholesterol and SHBG were inversely related to BMI. CONCLUSION: The presence of markers of CVR factors increased proportionally to BMI, indicating that the metabolic profile of obese women with PCOS is more unfavorable than that of non-obese patients.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Body Mass Index , Metabolome , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/metabolism , Cross-Sectional Studies
20.
Rev. bras. cardiol. (Impr.) ; 26(5): 337-346, set.-out. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-704448

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Qualidade de vida (QV) se associa a doenças cardiovasculares, tornando-se indispensável sua avaliação na prática clínica.Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (RVM) e da angioplastia coronariana percutânea (ACTP) na QV de pacientes com doença arterial coronariana. Métodos: Estudo de coorte, prospectivo e analítico, envolvendo 114 pacientes (ambos os sexos) submetidos a um dos dois procedimentos (grupo RVM e grupo ACTP), entre junho 2010 e junho 2011. Utilizou-se o questionário SF-36 como instrumento de avaliação, tendo sido aplicado durante o pré-operatório e aos três e seis meses de seguimento. Resultados: Na avaliação inicial da QV da população amostral, os escores médios dos domínios variaram de 24,79 a 74,65, observando-se maior comprometimento dos domínios físico, capacidade funcional e emocional, em ambos os grupos. Observou-se melhora nos domínios ao final de três meses, exceto nos domínios social e emocional no grupo da RVM. No sexto mês, não se observou melhora nos domínios físico e emocional no grupo RVM, e no social para ambos os grupos. Os pacientes com RVM apresentaram melhores escores no domínio mental, enquanto os submetidos à ACTP, no domínio físico. Em relação à percepção da saúde atual quando comparada há um ano, os submetidos à ACTP apresentaram melhora significativa quando comparados ao grupo RVM. Conclusão: Houve melhora na QV ao sexto mês tanto para os pacientes submetidos à RVM quanto à ACTP, sem superioridade para nenhum dos métodos.


Background: Quality of life (QoL) is related to cardiovascular diseases, making this essential for its evaluation in clinical practice. Objective: To evaluate the impact of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and percutaneus transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on the QoL for patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: A prospective cohort and analytical study of 114 patients (male/female) undergoing both procedures (CABG group and PTCA group) between June 2010 and June 2011. The SF-36 questionnaire was used as an evaluation tool, completed during the pre-operative stage and at three and six months follow-up. Results: The baseline QoL mean scores for the sample population ranged from 24.79 to 74.65, with greater involvement of the physical, emotional and functional capacity fields in both groups. Improvements were observed after three months, except for the social and emotional fields in the CABG group. In the sixth month, no improvement was noted in the physical and emotional fields for the CABG group, and the social field for both groups. The CABG patients posted higher scores in the mental field, while those undergoing PTCA scored higher in the physical field. In terms of perceptions of their current health compared to a year previously, the PTCA patients showed significant improvements compared to the CABG group. Conclusion: Improvement in the QoL at six months for PTCA and CABG patients, with neither method proving superior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Quality of Life/psychology , Myocardial Revascularization , Angioplasty , Cohort Studies , Risk Factors
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